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The early table beds had been fabricated from cloth-covered wooden boards. A circular table featured prominently within the 1972 film Silent Running. On a coin-operated table, the object balls are deposited inside an inaccessible window till the table is paid once more, permitting the balls to be launched into the compartment, while the cue ball is usually separated into its personal ball return, usually utilizing a special sized ball. More fashionable tables may as a substitute employ ball return pockets, a series of gutters inside the desk, which deliver the balls into a group compartment on one facet of the desk, in an identical manner to the ball return on a bowling alley. Small pool tables may use just one or two pieces of slate, while carom, English billiards and tournament-dimension pool tables use three. Pockets, sometimes rimmed at the again with leather or plastic traditionally have drop pockets, which are small receptacles beneath each pocket to include the balls.

A child plays a miniature billiard table set on a espresso desk and using small balls. Books, even entire series of books, have been written on geometric and algebraic methods of aiming using the diamonds. There are six alongside each lengthy rail (with the aspect pocket interfering with where the seventh one would go, on pocket billiard tables) and three along every quick rail, with each of the 4 corners counting as one other in the mathematical methods that the diamonds are used to calculate. Sights, also referred to as diamonds (for their traditional form), are inlaid at exact, evenly spaced positions along the rails of some tables (not normally on snooker tables) to assist in the aiming of financial institution or kick shots. The nap of the cloth can affect the run of the balls, especially on slower photographs and shots performed with sidespin utilized to the cue ball. This "pace" of the cloth affects the quantities of swerve and deflection of the balls, amongst different features of game finesse. K-fifty five cushions have cloth, often canvas, vulcanized into the top of the rubber to regulate rebound accuracy and pace. On a carom desk, the K-fifty five profile is used (with a considerably sharper angle than pool cushions).

The profile of the rail cushion, which is the cushion's angle in relation to the mattress of the desk, varies between desk varieties. The bed desk - the cloth-lined, horizontal playing floor - is, on high-high quality gear, product of strong, clean slabs of slate, most frequently from Italy, Brazil or China. By distinction, high-high quality pool cloth is normally product of a napless weave reminiscent of worsted wool, which gives a much sooner roll to the balls. In the trendy period, all billiards tables (whether or not for carom billiards, pool, pyramid or snooker) present an elevated flat floor usually manufactured from quarried slate, that is covered with cloth (often of a tightly woven worsted wool referred to as baize), and surrounded by vulcanized rubber cushions. Pocketless carom billiards tables are used for such games as straight rail, balkline, one-cushion billiards, three-cushion caroms, and artistic billiards. A heated table is required beneath international carom guidelines and is an especially vital requirement for the games of three-cushion billiards and creative billiards.

Games akin to bagatelle usually had greater than six holes, together with straight through the bed in the middle of the desk, a function nonetheless present in bar billiards and bumper pool. The slate mattress of a carom billiards table will need to have a minimal thickness of 45 millimetres and in tournaments recommended heating temperatures is 33-37 °C (91-ninety nine °F), which helps to keep moisture out of the cloth to help the balls rolling and rebounding in a consistent manner, and generally makes a desk play sooner. There are only two sizes accredited for tournament play by World Pool-Billiard Association (WPA): 9 × 4.5 ft and eight × 4 ft. There are novelty billiard tables, usually for pool, that come in various shapes together with zig-zag, circular, and (especially for bumper pool) hexagonal. There are a number of different supplies and design philosophies related to cushion rubber. 115,238 More particular phrases are used for particular sports activities, akin to snooker table and pool table, and completely different-sized billiard balls are used on these desk types. The purpose of the cushion rubber is to trigger the billiard balls to rebound off the rubber whereas minimizing the lack of kinetic vitality. Switching off a billiard desk heater whenever it isn't used can save greater than 50% in energy consumption and costs; this can be executed automatically with timers.